复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2021, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (5): 43-48.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20210528.006

• 基础研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

大长径比固体火箭发动机壳体轻量化设计

冯彬彬1, 袁金1, 胡旭辉1, 张雄军1*, 陆金虎2   

  1. 1.宁波曙翔新材料股份有限公司,宁波315000;
    2.合肥工业大学 机械工程学院,合肥230009
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-02 出版日期:2021-05-28 发布日期:2021-08-04
  • 通讯作者: 张雄军(1974-),男,硕士,教授级高工,主要从事树脂基复合材料技术方面的研究,13811998251@163.com。
  • 作者简介:冯彬彬(1992-),男,学士,助理工程师,主要从事树脂基复合材料技术方面的研究。

LIGHTWEIGHT DESIGN OF SOLID ROCKET MOTOR CASING WITH LARGE ASPECT RATIO

FENG Bin-bin1, YUAN Jin1, HU Xu-hui1, ZHANG Xiong-jun1*, LU Jin-hu2   

  1. 1. Ningbo Shuxiang New Materials Co., Ltd., Ningbo 315000, China;
    2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
  • Received:2020-09-02 Online:2021-05-28 Published:2021-08-04

摘要: 针对目前对大长径比碳纤维复合材料壳体封头部位补强及壳体轻量化减重问题,基于网格理论,完成ϕ180 mm固体发动机燃烧室壳体的铺层设计,然后设计壳体螺旋缠绕层厚度减薄,采用碳布、碳纤维编织预浸封头帽两种方式对封头补强;根据三次样条公式,计算出封头位置厚度曲线;通过有限元ABAQUS仿真软件对三种结构形式进行模型分析计算,研究壳体应力状态及爆破压强;进行壳体试制及水压爆破试验,研究分析碳布补强和碳纤维编织预浸封头帽对封头补强的影响。结果表明:碳布补强效果不明显,而按照一定纵环比编织的碳纤维预浸封头帽强度远大于碳布增强,其补强强度与螺旋缠绕强度基本一致;采用碳纤维编织预浸料封头帽补强较基础样本成型方式重量降低14.1%。

关键词: 固体发动机壳体, 大长径比, 补强方式, 结构设计, 轻量化, 复合材料

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of strengthening the head of carbon fiber composite shell with large aspect ratio and lightweight of the shell, based on the grid theory, the ply design of the combustion chamber shell of the ϕ180 mm solid motor is completed. Then the thickness of the spiral winding layer is reduced, and the head is reinforced by carbon cloth and carbon fiber braided prepreg head cap. According to the cubic spline formula, the calculation is carried out through the finite element ABAQUS simulation software, the stress state and burst pressure of the shell are analyzed and calculated. Through the shell trial production and hydraulic burst test, the influence of carbon cloth reinforcement and carbon fiber braided prepreg head cap on the head reinforcement is studied and analyzed. The results show that the reinforcement effect of carbon cloth is not obvious, but the strength of carbon fiber prepreg head cap woven according to a certain longitudinal ring ratio is far greater than that of carbon cloth, and the reinforcement strength is basically consistent with the spiral winding strength. The weight of the head cap with carbon fiber braided prepreg is 14.1% lower than that of the basic sample forming method.

Key words: solid engine housing, large aspect ratio, reinforcement method, structural design, lightweight, composites

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