复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2021, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (9): 68-73.DOI: 10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20210928.010

• 应用研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

雷击后飞机复合材料燃油箱蒙皮电热损伤特性研究

胡静1, 吴天航1, 巩翰林1, 李志宝2,3,4, 李小二2,3,4, 司晓亮2,3,4*   

  1. 1.中国民航大学 航空工程学院,天津 300300;
    2.强电磁环境防护技术航空科技重点实验室,合肥 230031;
    3.飞机雷电防护安徽省重点实验室,合肥 230031;
    4.合肥航太电物理技术有限公司,合肥 230031
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-30 出版日期:2021-09-28 发布日期:2021-10-13
  • 通讯作者: 司晓亮(1985-),男,博士,副总工程师,主要从事飞机强电磁防护方面的研究,976397693@qq.com。
  • 作者简介:胡静(1972-),女,硕士,教授,主要从事飞机的闪电防护方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    装备预研航空工业联合基金(航空科学基金)资助项目(20184467016)

Research on electro-thermal damage characteristics of aircraft composite fuel tank skin after lightning strike

HU Jing1, WU Tian-hang1, GONG Han-lin1, LI Zhi-bao2,3,4, LI Xiao-er2,3,4, SI Xiao-liang2,3,4   

  1. 1. College of Aeronautical Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China;
    2. Anhui Provincial Aircraft Lightning Protection Laboratory, Hefei 230031, China;
    3. Aviation Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on High Intensity Electromagnetic Environment Protection, Hefei 230031, China;
    4. Hefei Aerospace Electric Physics Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei 230031, China
  • Received:2020-12-30 Online:2021-09-28 Published:2021-10-13

摘要: 碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料(CFRP)在现代飞机上被大量使用,由于CFRP电导率和传热系数具有各向异性,雷击后,其温度分布与传统金属材料不同。为探究CFRP燃油箱电热损伤特性以对其进行雷电防护,本文利用COMSOL多物理场仿真软件建立CFRP层合板与火焰喷涂铝防护CFRP层合板模拟油箱蒙皮模型进行仿真研究,并开展典型雷电流组合波形的雷电流注入试验对仿真结果进行验证。结果表明:雷电流波形注入后,无防护CFRP板各铺层温度随着纤维方向分布;火焰喷涂铝防护的CFRP板各铺层温度呈近似圆形分布,且高温损伤面积与损伤深度均小于无防护CFRP板;表面温度受雷电流D波的影响大,而损伤深度受B、C*波的影响较大;在雷电波形注入完成后,雷击产生的热量会沿着CFRP铺层向下传导,产生热斑导致底面温度升高,但在2.6 mm厚度条件下未超过200 ℃;使用火焰喷涂铝能对CFRP燃油箱起到很好的雷电防护效果。

关键词: CFRP, 各向异性, 燃油箱, 电热损伤, 雷电防护

Abstract: With the extensive use of carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) in modern aircraft, due to the anisotropy of CFRP's electrical conductivity and heat transfer coefficient, its temperature distribution is different from traditional metal materials after lightning strike. In order to explore the electro-thermal damage characteristics of CFRP fuel tanks for lightning protection, this paper uses COMSOL Multiphysics simulation software to establish a CFRP laminate and flame sprayed aluminum protection CFRP laminate to simulate a fuel tank skin model for simulation research, and develop a typical lightning current combination waveform lightning current the injection test verifies the simulation results. The results show that after the lightning current waveform is injected, for the unprotected CFRP board, the temperature of each layer is distributed along the fiber direction. For the flame sprayed aluminum protection CFRP board, the temperature is approximately circular, and the high temperature damage area and damage depth are both smaller than non-protective CFRP board. The surface temperature is greatly affected by the lightning current D wave, while the damage depth is greatly affected by the B and C* waves. After the lightning waveform injection is completed, the heat generated by the lightning strike will be conducted downwards along the CFRP layer, the hot spot causes the bottom surface temperature to rise but does not exceed 200 ℃ under the condition of 2.6 mm thickness. The use of flame sprayed aluminum can have a good lightning protection effect on the CFRP fuel tank.

Key words: CFRP, anisotropy, fuel tank, electro-thermal damage, lightning protection

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