碳纤维/改性双马来酰亚胺复合材料制备与性能

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20221128.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 合成了4,4'-二苯醚二炔丙基醚(DPEDPE)和N-(3-乙炔基苯基)马来酰亚胺(3-EPM)两种含炔基化合物,并以熔融法与二苯甲烷型双马来酰亚胺(BDM)和二烯丙基双酚A(DABPA)共混制备了改性双马来酰亚胺树脂体系,对改性树脂的加工性能、热稳定性和力学性能进行了研究。用热压法制备了T300碳纤维布增强改性BDM/DABPA复合材料,对复合材料的热-力学性能也进行了研究。结果表明DPEDPE能扩展BDM/DABPA树脂的加工窗口,改性树脂可溶解在除乙醇的常用极性溶剂中。3-EPM改性BDM/DABPA树脂固化物在氮气中的5%热失重温度(T_d5)与800 ℃残留率(Y_{r 800 ℃})分别可达426 ℃和37.3%,其玻璃化转变温度(T_g)达380 ℃以上。DPEDPE或3-EPM改性的BDM/DABPA树脂浇注体拉伸强度有所下降,但DPEDPE改性树脂的冲击强度可提升至19.6 kJ·m^-2。T300碳纤维布增强DPEDPE改性BDM/DABPA复合材料室温下的弯曲强度和层间剪切强度(ILSS)分别为547 MPa和32.8 MPa,在200 ℃下都可保留98%,在250 ℃下弯曲强度可保留90%,而ILSS则保留82%。

关键词: 双马来酰亚胺, 含炔基改性剂, 共混, 复合材料, 热-力学性能

Abstract: 4,4'-Dipropargyloxydiphenyl ether (DPEDPE) and N-(3-ethynylphenyl) maleimide (3-EPM) were synthesized as alkynyl-containing modifiers to blend with diphenylmethane bismaleimide (BDM) and diallyl bisphenol A (DABPA) system to prepare modified bismaleimide resins in melting method. The processability, thermal stability, and mechanical properties of alkynyl-containing compounds modified BDM/DABPA resins were studied. The carbon fabric reinforced modified BDM/DABPA composites were molded by hot-press. The thermal-mechanical properties of the composites were also studied. The results show that DPEDPE can broaden the processing window of BDM/DABPA resin. The alkynyl-containing compounds modified BDM/DABPA resins can dissolve in polar solvents except ethanol. The temperature of 5% weight loss (T_d5) and residual yield at 800 ℃ (Y_{r 800 ℃}) in N₂, and glass transition temperature (T_g) of the cured 3-EPM modified BDM/DABPA resin can reach 426 ℃, 37.3% and above 380 ℃, respectively. The tensile strength of the cured BDM/DABPA decreases with addition of DPEDEP or 3-EPM. However, the impact strength of the cured DPEDPE-modified BDM/DABPA can increase to 19.6 kJ·m^-2. The T300 carbon fabric reinforced DPEDPE-modified BDM/DABPA composite possesses the flexural strength of 547 MPa and interlamellar shear strength (ILSS) of 32.8 MPa at room temperature, and retains the strength of 98% at 200 ℃. The flexural strength and ILSS of the composite can keep the flexural strength of the composite for 90%, and ILSS of the composite for 82% at 250 ℃, respectively.

Key words: bismaleimide, alkynyl-containing modifier, blend, composite, heat-mechanical property

中图分类号:

TB332

张慧, 王林祥, 郑庆, 袁荞龙, 黄发荣. 碳纤维/改性双马来酰亚胺复合材料制备与性能[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2022, 0(11): 90-95.

ZHANG Hui, WANG Lin-xiang, ZHENG Qing, YUAN Qiao-long, HUANG Fa-rong. Preparation and properties of carbon fabric reinforced modified BMI composites[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2022, 0(11): 90-95.

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