纤维增强热塑性复合材料3D打印研究进展

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20231128.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 3D打印(3DP),又称为增材制造(AM),是一种通过连续分层切片与材料层层沉积构建三维物体的新兴技术。近年来,关于3D打印技术的研究在全球范围内呈指数级增长。3D打印技术在航空航天、轨道交通、电子和生物医学等领域有着广泛的应用。纤维作为增强体在热塑性聚合物3D打印中的应用,极大地提高了复合材料的综合力学性能。本文在简要介绍纤维增强复合材料3D打印的发展历史基础上,评述了纤维增强复合材料3D打印的制件性能优化方式、存在问题与未来发展趋势。

关键词: 3D打印, 纤维, 复合材料, 工艺, 性能

Abstract: 3D printing (3DP), also known as additive manufacturing (AM), is an emerging technology for constructing three-dimensional objects through successive layered slicing and layered deposition of materials. In recent years, research on 3D printing technology has grown exponentially around the world. 3D printing technology has a wide range of applications in aerospace, rail transportation, electronics and biomedicine. With the application of fiber as reinforcement in 3D printing of thermoplastic polymer, the comprehensive mechanical properties of composite materials are greatly improved. Based on a brief introduction of the development history of 3D printing of fiber reinforced composites, this paper reviews the performance optimization methods, existing problems and future development trends of 3D printing of fiber reinforced composites.

Key words: :3D printing, fiber, composite materials, process, performance

中图分类号:

TB332

任佳军, 孙颖, 鞠博文, 于肖. 纤维增强热塑性复合材料3D打印研究进展[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2023, 0(11): 122-128.

REN Jiajun, SUN Ying, JU Bowen, YU Xiao. Research progress in 3D printing of fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2023, 0(11): 122-128.

参考文献

[1] 陈双, 吴甲民, 史玉升. 3D打印材料及其应用概述[J]. 物理, 2018, 47(11): 715-724.
[2] 田小永, 刘腾飞, 杨春成, 等. 高性能纤维增强树脂基复合材料3D打印及其应用探索[J]. 航空制造技术, 2016(15): 26-31.
[3] 梁晓静, 于晓燕. 3D打印用高分子材料及其复合材料的研究进展[J]. 高分子通报, 2018(4): 27-35.
[4] ZHENG L, ALY D, CHRISTINE S, et al. Development of a nonlinear hierarchical model to describe the disposition of deuterium in mother-infant pairs to assess exclusive breastfeeding practice[J]. Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, 2019, 46(1): 1-13.
[5] GOH G D, AGARWALA S, GOH G L, et al. Additive manufacturing in unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs): Challenges and potential[J]. Aerospace Science and Technology, 2017, 63: 140-151.
[6] RYOSUKE M, MASAHITO U, MASAKI N, et al. Three-dimensional printing of continuous-fiber composites by in-nozzle impregnation[J]. Scientific Reports, 2016, 6(1): 23058.
[7] KABIR S M F, MATHUR K, SEYAM A F M. A critical review on 3D printed continuous fiber-reinforced composites: History, mechanism, materials and properties[J]. Composite Structures, 2020, 232(11): 1476.
[8] PENUMAKALA P K, SANTO J, THOMAS A. A critical review on the fused deposition modeling of thermoplastic polymer composites[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2020, 201(10): 8336.
[9] WICKRAMASINGHE S, DO T, TRAN P. FDM-based 3D printing of polymer and associated composite: A review on mechanical properties, defects and treatments[J]. Polymers, 2020, 12(7): 1529-1529.
[10] SANG L, HAN S F, YANG X L, et al. Development of short basalt fiber reinforced polylactide composites and their feasible evaluation for 3D printing applications[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2019, 164: 629-639.
[11] SPOERK M, SAVANDAIAH C, ARBEITER F, et al. Anisotropic properties of oriented short carbon fibre filled polypropylene parts fabricated by extrusion-based additive manufacturing[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2018, 113: 95-104.
[12] FERREIRA R H L, AMATTE L C, DUTRA T A, et al. Experimental characterization and micrography of 3D printed PLA and PLA reinforced with short carbon fibers[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2017, 124: 88-100.
[13] QUAN Z Z, LARIMORE Z, QIN X H, et al. Microstructural characterization of additively manufactured multi-directional preforms and composites via X-ray micro-computed tomography[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2016, 131: 48-60.
[14] TEKINALP H L, KUNC V, GARCIA G M V, et al. Highly oriented carbon fiber-polymer composites via additive manufacturing[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2014, 105: 144-150.
[15] 郑天宇. 连续纤维复合材料3D打印关键技术研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2020.
[16] WERKEN N V D, TEKINALP H, KHANBOLOUKI P, et al. Additively manufactured carbon fiber-reinforced composites: State of the art and perspective[J]. Additive Manufacturing, 2020, 31: 100962.
[17] ZHAO J Z, LI Q Z, JIN F G, et al. Digital light processing 3D printing Kevlar composites based on dual curing resin[J]. Additive Manufacturing, 2021, 41: 101962.
[18] YU S, HWANG Y H, HWANG Y, et al. Analytical study on the 3D-printed structure and mechanical properties of basalt fiber-reinforced PLA composites using X-ray microscopy[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2019, 175: 18-27.
[19] YANG C C, TIAN X Y, LIU T F, et al. 3D printing for continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites: Mechanism and performance[J]. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 2017, 23(1): 209-215.
[20] MEI H, ALI Z, YAN Y, et al. Influence of mixed isotropic fiber angles and hot press on the mechanical properties of 3D printed composites[J]. Additive Manufacturing, 2019, 27: 150-158.
[21] 陈威, 张秋菊. 连续纤维增强热塑性复合材料3D打印研究进展[J]. 材料科学与工艺, 2022, 30(1): 21-34.
[22] PAPON E A, HAQUE A, SPEAR S K. Effects of functionalization and annealing in enhancing the interfacial bonding and mechanical properties of 3D printed fiber-reinforced composites[J]. Materials Today Communications, 2020, 25: 101365.
[23] WANG P, ZOU B, DING S L, et al. Preparation of short CF/GF reinforced PEEK composite filaments and their comprehensive properties evaluation for FDM-3D printing[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2020, 198: 108175.
[24] STEPASHKIN A A, CHUKOV D I, SENATOV F S, et al. 3D-printed PEEK-carbon fiber (CF) composites: Structure and thermal properties[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2018, 164: 319-326.
[25] CHEN J, WANG K, ZHAO Y. Enhanced interfacial interactions of carbon fiber reinforced PEEK composites by regulating PEI and graphene oxide complex sizing at the interface[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2018, 154: 175-186.
[26] GIRAUD I, FRANCESCHI-MESSANT S, PEREZ E, et al. Preparation of aqueous dispersion of thermoplastic sizing agent for carbon fiber by emulsion/solvent evaporation[J]. Applied Surface Science, 2013, 266: 94-99.
[27] LUO M, TIAN X Y, SHANG J F, et al. Bi-scale interfacial bond behaviors of CCF/PEEK composites by plasma-laser cooperatively assisted 3D printing process[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2020, 131: 105812-105812.
[28] COMPTON B G, LEWIS J A. 3D-printing of lightweight cellular composites[J]. Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.), 2014, 26(34): 5930-5935.
[29] MAHAJAN C, CORMIER D. 3D printing of carbon fiber composites with preferentially aligned fibers[C]//Proceedings of the IIE Annual Conference. Institute of Industrial and Systems Engineers (IISE), 2015.
[30] TIAN X Y, LIU T F, YANG C C, et al. Interface and performance of 3D printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced PLA composites[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2016, 88: 198-205.
[31] WERKEN N V D, HURLEY J, KHANBOLOUKI P, et al. Design considerations and modeling of fiber reinforced 3D printed parts[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2018, 160: 684-692.
[32] WÄCHTER J, ELSNER C L, MORITZER E. Investigation of specific FDM process parameters to optimize the polymer discharge of carbon fiber reinforced PEEK[C]//Proceedings of the Macromolecular Symposia. Wiley Online Library, 2021.
[33] YAMAWAKI M, KOUNO Y J A C M. Fabrication and mechanical characterization of continuous carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic using a preform by three-dimensional printing and via hot-press molding[J]. Advanced Composite Materials, 2018, 27(2): 209-219.
[34] LUO M, TIAN X Y, SHANG J F, et al. Impregnation and interlayer bonding behaviours of 3D-printed continuous carbon-fiber-reinforced poly-ether-ether-ketone composites[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2019, 121: 130-138.
[35] DUTY C, FAILLA J, KIM S, et al. Z-Pinning approach for 3D printing mechanically isotropic materials[J]. Additive Manufacturing, 2019, 27: 175-184.
[36] BHANDARI S, LOPEZ-ANIDO R A, GARDNER D J. Enhancing the interlayer tensile strength of 3D printed short carbon fiber reinforced PETG and PLA composites via annealing[J]. Additive Manufacturing, 2019, 30: 100922-100922.
[37] YU M, SUN X Y, WANG Z, et al. Effects of auxiliary heat on warpage and mechanical properties in carbon fiber/ABS composite manufactured by fused deposition modeling[J]. Materials & Design, 2020, 195: 108978.
[38] KISHORE V, CHEN X, HASSEN A A, et al. Post-process annealing of large-scale 3D printed polyphenylene sulfide composites[J]. Additive Manufacturing, 2020, 35: 101387.
[39] SATHISH K K, SOUNDARARAJAN R, SHANTHOSH G, et al. Augmenting effect of infill density and annealing on mechanical properties of PETG and CFPETG composites fabricated by FDM[J]. Materials Today: Proceedings, 2020, 45: 2186-2191.
[40] PASCUAL G C, SAN M P, LIZARRALDE I, et al. Post-processing effects on microstructure, interlaminar and thermal properties of 3D printed continuous carbon fibre composites[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2021, 210: 108652.