竹增强环氧乙烯基树脂的制备及性能研究

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 和传统的钢护拦相比较,竹片增强复合材料护拦具有重量轻、成本低、耐腐蚀、环境友善和可再生性等优点。但是竹纤维表面的复杂成分,影响了复合材料的界面性能。本文利用竹片作为增强材料,采用真空辅助成型方法制备了竹片增强环氧乙烯基树脂复合材料,研究了表面改性和铺层数对竹复合材料弯曲强度和冲击韧性的影响,并对单向复合材料的冲击断面破坏方式进行了分析。结果表明,在不同铺层结构条件下,用经过碱与硅烷偶联剂改性处理过的竹条制备的复合材料的弯曲强度分别提高了31.95%、46.72%、29.58%,冲击韧性分别提高了25.62%、29.74%、28.61%,而且单向复合材料的弯曲和冲击性能最佳。当单向复合材料中的竹片铺层为15层时,其冲击吸收功为13.55J,拉伸强度为270MPa,弯曲强度为340MPa,在主要性能上能满足公路防撞护栏对其原料Q-235B钢的要求;通过扫描电镜分析发现,竹片增强复合材料防撞护栏材料的防撞机理表现为竹纤维抽拔断裂、基体断裂、纤维/基体界面脱黏以及剪切分层。本文的结果对复合材料公路防撞护栏的制备有一定的指导作用。

关键词: 竹片, 复合材料防撞护栏, 界面改性, 铺层结构, 冲击性能, 防撞机理

Abstract: Compared with the traditional steel guardrail, bamboo reinforced composite guardrail has many advantages, such as light weight, low cost, corrosion resistance, environment friendly and renewable. But surface of bamboo fiber had complex composition which influence the interfacial properties of the composites. In this paper, bamboo was used as a reinforcing material to reinforce epoxy vinyl resin to make the bamboo composite by using vacuum assisted molding method. The effects of chemical modification by alkali treatment with silane coupling agent and the number of bamboo layer on bending strength and impact toughness in composite were studied. And, the failure mode of impact section of unidirectional composites was analyzed. The results show that the bending strength of modified bamboo reinforced composite increased by 31.95%, 46.72%, 29.58% under different layer structure conditions, and the impact toughness increased respectively by 25.62%, 29.74%, 28.61%, but the flexural and impact properties of unidirectional composites is the best. When the number of bamboo layer is: 15 layers in the unidirectional composites, impact absorbing energy is 13.55J, tensile strength is 270MPa, bending strength is 340MPa, which can meet the highway guardrail requirements on the raw Q-235 on the main performance. The failure mode of impact section is bamboo fiber pull-out fracture, matrix crack, fiber/matrix interfacial debonding and shear layer, as found by SEM in unidirectional composite. The results have some significance for guiding the preparation of highway anti-collision guardrail made of composites.

Key words: bamboo, composite materials crash barrier, surface modification, layer structure, impact performance, crashworthy mechanism

中图分类号:

TB332

栗洪彬, 李炜, 罗永康. 竹增强环氧乙烯基树脂的制备及性能研究[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2014, 0(10): 48-52.

LI Hong-bin, LI Wei, LUO Yong-kang. PROPERTIES AND MANUFACTURE OF BAMBOO REINFORCED EPOXY VINYL RESIN[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2014, 0(10): 48-52.

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