关键词: 复合材料, 防撞护舷, 船艏形状, 碰撞, 有限单元法

Abstract: This paper sets composite anti-collision fender as the research object. By using Finite Element Method, the dynamics of ship-bridge collisions with different bow shapes were studied, which provides a theoretical basis for the structure design of anti-collision fender. By comparing impact test with numerical simulation results from ANSYS/LS-DYNA software, it improves the finite element model of the collision fenders. Then, three structural types of composite anti-collision fenders are designed, which are D-type and L-type. And the date of collision force, energy dissipation and indentation were from the simulation of the collision among 1000 DWT wedge bow ship, 3000 DWT bulbous bow-shaped boats and three structural type fenders by ANSYS/LS-DYNA. Both structure types of collision fenders′ adaptability of different shapes are comparatively analyzed. The results showed that the D-type fender protected the wedge bow boat better, but it cannot protect bow-shaped boat. The L-type fenders dissipated energy well for the two kinds of ship, which plays a role in protecting bridges and ships. Therefore, in practical engineering, many factors should be taken into consideration in order to choose the most reasonable anti-collision fender structure. So far, the L-type collision fender has been applied in the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge protection works. It effectively prevents the risk caused by ship-bridge collision, and provides an important model to promote the application of composite anti-collision fender.

Key words: composite, anti-collision fender, bow shape, collision, numerical simulation