新型树脂基热防护结构的制备及性能研究

复合材料科学与工程 ›› 2020, Vol. 0 ›› Issue (10): 96-100.

新型树脂基热防护结构的制备及性能研究

夏雨, 汪东^*, 许孔力, 吴霄

航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所,北京100074

收稿日期:2020-05-12 出版日期:2020-10-28 发布日期:2020-10-28
通讯作者: 汪东(1988-),男,高级工程师,博士,研究方向为树脂基复合材料,wangdong@iccas.ac.cn。
作者简介:夏雨(1978-),女,高级工程师,硕士,研究方向为树脂基复合材料。本文作者还有许学伟,柯红军,王国勇,孔得力²。(2.火箭军装备部驻北京地区第六军事代表室,北京100074)

STUDY ON PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF NOVEL RESIN-BASED THERMAL PROTECTION STRUCTURES

XIA Yu, WANG Dong^*, XU Kong-li, WU Xiao

Research Institute of Aerospace Special Materials and Processing Technology, Beijing 100074, China

Received:2020-05-12 Online:2020-10-28 Published:2020-10-28

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对飞行器热防护结构材料的低成本轻质化需求,设计了一种新型的承载防热一体化树脂基热防护结构,通过防隔热材料筛选及粘接工艺优化,成功制备了一种以耐高温聚酰亚胺复合材料为外防热层,气凝胶纤维毡为隔热芯,环氧树脂复合材料为承载层的热防护结构。对该结构的力学性能和防隔热性能进行了测试和评价,并考察了隔热层厚度对结构防热性能的影响。结果表明:树脂基热防护结构具有较好的力学承载性能和抗失稳性能,可满足结构的强度使用要求;在长时间的石英灯热测试中,试样整体结构保持完好,并且隔热性能随着气凝胶隔热层厚度的增加而提高,在隔热层厚度为13 mm时,500 ℃、1500 s后的背温降至100 ℃左右,表现出优异的防隔热性能。

关键词: 树脂基热防护, 一体化, 聚酰亚胺, 气凝胶, 复合材料

Abstract: According to the requirements on low cost and light-weight thermal protection structure and materials for space vehicles, a novel integrated resin-based thermal protection structure was proposed. The sandwich structure was prepared successfully by the optimization of materials selection and manufacturing process. It consists of high temperature carbon fiber reinforced polyimide composites as outer thermal protection layer, silica aerogels blanket as heat insulation layer, and high performance carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites as internal bearing layer, respectively. The mechanical property and thermal protective performance were tested, and the influence of insulation layer thickness on the thermal protective performance was investigated. Experiment results show that the resin-based thermal protection structures have excellent compression properties. The integral structures still remain intact after the quartz lamp heating test, and the thermal insulation property can be improved with the increase of insulation layer thickness. The back temperature of the sample with 13 mm thick insulation layer was only about 100 ℃ after quartz lamp heating at 500 ℃ for 1500 s, exhibiting superior thermal protection performance.

Key words: resin-based thermal protection structure, integrated system, polyimide composites, aerogels, composites

中图分类号:

TB332

夏雨, 汪东, 许孔力, 吴霄. 新型树脂基热防护结构的制备及性能研究[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2020, 0(10): 96-100.

XIA Yu, WANG Dong, XU Kong-li, WU Xiao. STUDY ON PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF NOVEL RESIN-BASED THERMAL PROTECTION STRUCTURES[J]. Composites Science and Engineering, 2020, 0(10): 96-100.

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