典型防护材料空爆载荷作用下动态响应及抗冲击设计研究现状

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20241028.020

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着军事和民用领域需求的不断增加,装备防护性将会面临爆炸冲击等挑战,例如,空中爆炸冲击波对飞机、导弹以及警用防爆服结构的影响。在空爆载荷作用下,结构各部分相互作用,以及受材料和几何非线性的影响,导致其动态力学行为变得异常复杂,因此空爆载荷作用下结构的动态响应及防护性能研究是一个急需关注的热点与难点问题。本文主要对空爆冲击方向的研究现状进行详细梳理及总结,首先对空爆载荷传播特性的经验公式计算、数值模拟及试验研究现状进行了综述;其次详细介绍了空爆载荷作用下多孔材料、陶瓷、纤维增强复合材料与均质金属等典型防护设计材料的动态响应及抗冲击结构设计研究进展,其研究内容涉及结构损伤及破坏效应、抗爆吸能特性和防护设计等;最后对该研究领域进行总结与展望,提出了急需分析解决的几个关键研究难题,为后续抗爆冲击结构设计提供参考和借鉴。

关键词: 空中爆炸冲击波, 高速破片, 动态响应, 抗冲击波设计, 复合材料

Abstract: With the continuous increase in demand in both military and civilian sectors, equipment protection will face challenges such as explosive impacts, e.g., the impact of airborne explosion waves on aircraft, missiles, and police blast-resistant suits. Under the influence of explosive loads, the interactions between different parts of the structure, as well as the effects of material and geometric nonlinearity, make the dynamic mechanical behavior exceptionally complex. Therefore, the dynamic response and protective performance of structures under explosive loads have become a hot and challenging issue that urgently needs attention. This article provides a detailed review and summary of the current research status in the field of explosive impact. First and foremost, it reviews the empirical formula calculations, numerical simulations, and experimental research on the propagation characteristics of explosive loads. Furthermore, it elaborates on the dynamic response of typical protective design materials such as porous materials, ceramics, fiber-reinforced composites,and homogeneous metals under the effect of explosive loads, as well as the progress in the design research of impact-resistant structures. The research content involves structural damage and destruction effects, blast energy absorption characteristics, and protective design. Finally, the article concludes and provides prospects for this research field, highlighting several key research challenges that need to be analyzed and addressed urgently. It aims to provide references and guidance for the subsequent design of blast-resistant structures.

Key words: air explosion shock wave, high speed fragments, dynamic response, structural shock resistance design, composites

中图分类号:

TB332

罗家元, 陈哲伦, 李世岳, 高聪. 典型防护材料空爆载荷作用下动态响应及抗冲击设计研究现状[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2024, 0(10): 150-160.

LUO Jiayuan, CHEN Zhelun, LI Shiyue, GAO Cong. Research status of dynamic response and shock resistance design of typical protective materials under airburst load[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2024, 0(10): 150-160.

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