导电颗粒改性高韧性复合材料的层间结构和雷击损伤特性

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20240928.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 新一代抗雷击结构复合材料的目标是使复合材料在保持优异力学性能的同时,具备良好的抗雷击性能。将两种微米级导电颗粒引入一种具有较高厚度层间的航空级高韧性复合材料中,研究了导电颗粒对短梁强度、导电性和雷击损伤的影响。结果表明:长棒状镀镍碳纤维粉末在层间形成较好的导电通路,复合材料厚度向电导率提高了361倍,达到了0.622 S/cm,对短梁强度影响较小;镀银四针氧化锌在层间形成与碳纤维层接触较差的导电带,厚度向电导率仅提高了39.6倍,短梁强度较低,但仍显著优于碳纳米管涂层层间改性的复合材料性能。导电改性显著减少了雷击损伤面积和深度,提高了损伤区域的弯曲强度保持率。由于层间厚度大,纤维间导电接触少,损伤受厚度向电导率影响大,雷击损伤均主要为层间树脂击穿或烧蚀造成的大面积分层,明显不同于具有小厚度层间结构的复合材料以小面积烧蚀为主的损伤特征。

关键词: 复合材料, 雷击, 电性能, 导电填料, 损伤行为

Abstract: The goal of developing next generation of multifunctional structural composites for lightning strike protection is to maintain the mechanical properties while possessing good lightning-strike damage resistance. Two micrometer-sized conductive fillers were introduced into the interlayer of an aero-grade highly-tough composite with thick interlayer. Their effect on the short-beam strength (SBS), electrical conductivity, and lightning strike damage behavior were studied. The results show that the rod-like nickel plated carbon fiber powders formed good conductive paths between carbon plies and the conductivity through thickness direction (σ_z) increased by 361 times, reaching 0.622 S/cm, while the SBS slightly decreased. The Ag-plated t-ZnO particles formed a conductive band inside the interlayer with poor contact with the carbon plies, and its σ_z only increased by 39.6 times. A higher decrease of the SBS was found, but its SBS is still significantly higher than that of the composite modified by carbon nanotube coatings. The introduction of conductive fillers significantly reduced the damage areas and depths caused by simulated Zone 2A lightning strikes and improved the retention rates of flexural strengths of the damaged regions. Because of the large interlayer thickness and less electric contact between plies, the lightning strike damage behavior was significantly affected by σ_z. Large area delamination caused by the interlayer resin ablation was their main damage characteristic, which is significantly different from the damage characteristics of the composites with thin interlayer.

Key words: composites, lightning strike, electrical properties, conductive filler, damage behavior

中图分类号:

TB332

郭妙才. 导电颗粒改性高韧性复合材料的层间结构和雷击损伤特性[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2024, 0(9): 28-36.

GUO Miaocai. The interlayer structures and lightning strike damage behaviors of the conductive particles modified highly tough composites[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2024, 0(9): 28-36.

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