经编织物膜材偏轴中心撕裂行为及破坏机理

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20220528.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探究双轴向经编织物膜材中心撕裂行为与破坏机理,本文以典型PVDF经编织物为研究对象,进行了7个偏轴角度下(0°、15°、30°、45°、60°、75°和90°)的单轴中心撕裂试验,系统分析了经编织物破坏形态及撕裂强度随偏轴角度的变化规律,并结合细观数值模型进一步挖掘了偏轴角度对撕裂强度的影响及纱线细观受力情况与变形机理。结果表明,经编织物膜材内部纱线的偏转可显著影响切缝的扩展方向和开口形状。临界撕裂应力和极限撕裂应力随偏轴角度的增加整体呈“W”形变化规律,断裂位移和失效位移随偏轴角度的增加整体呈倒“V”形变化规律。纱线的偏转可使承载纱线的应力集中范围和应力分布情况产生显著差异,45°偏轴角度因应力分布更加均匀,变形更加充分,达到最大撕裂强度,是经编织物膜材的最优承载机制。所得结论可为织物膜材局部裂纹止裂分析及建筑膜结构安全性评估提供有益参考。

关键词: 经编织物, 中心撕裂, 偏轴角度, 破坏形态, 强度, 有限元分析, 复合材料

Abstract: In order to explore the central tearing behaviors and damage mechanisms of biaxial warp-knitted fabric membranes, series of uniaxial central tearing tests for seven off-axis angles, including 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, and 90°, and the development of microscopic numerical models were performed on a typical PVDF warp-knitted fabric. The variations of failure morphologies and tearing strengths of warp-knitted fabric membranes with the increase of off-axis angles were systematically analyzed. And combined with experimental and numerical results, the effects of off-axis angles on tearing strength and the micro-level load-carrying capacity and deformation mechanisms of yarns were further discussed. The results show that the yarn orientation of warp-knitted fabric has a significant effect on the direction of slit propagation and opening shape. As off-axis angles increase, a “W” shaped relationship between critical tearing strength, ultimate tearing strength and off-axis angle is presented, and an inverted “V” shaped relationship between ruptured displacement, failure displacement and off-axis angle is revealed. The yarn orientation of warp-knitted fabric also has a significant influence on the range of stress concentration and stress distribution. For 45° off-axis specimen, numerical simulation exhibits that the stress distribution is more uniform and the deformation is more sufficient than those of other off-axis angles. Therefore, 45° off-axis angle shows the largest tearing strength and is considered as the optimal load-carrying scheme. The conclusion could offer useful reference for the analysis of local crack arrest and safety assessment of architectural membrane structures.

Key words: warp-knitted fabrics, central tearing, off-axis angles, failure morphology, strength, finite element analysis, composites

中图分类号:

TB332

张若男, 陈建稳. 经编织物膜材偏轴中心撕裂行为及破坏机理[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2022, 0(5): 28-36.

ZHANG Ruo-nan, CHEN Jian-wen. Off-axis central tearing behaviors and damage mechanisms of warp-knitted fabric membranes[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2022, 0(5): 28-36.

参考文献

[1] CHEN J W, CHEN W J, ZHOU H, et al. Central tearing characteristics of laminated fabrics: Effect of slit parameter, off-axis angle, and loading speed[J]. Journal of Reinforced Plastics & Composites, 2017, 36(13): 120-133.
[2] 陈永霖, 丁凯, 李帅, 等. 纱束摩擦因数对织物复合材料撕裂强度的影响[J]. 东华大学学报, 2021, 47(1): 49-76.
[3] 严慧, 艾威. 膜结构常见疵病、损伤及防治[J]. 空间结构, 2007, 13(2): 26-31.
[4] MENG J H, LI P H, MA J Y, et al. Tearing behaviors of flexible fiber-reinforced composites for the stratospheric airship envelope[J]. Applied Composite Materials, 2017, 24: 735-749.
[5] WANG F X, CHEN Y L, LIU G Z, et al. Investigation of the tearing properties of a new airship envelope fabric based on experimental and theoretical methods[J]. Journal of Industrial Textiles, 2018, 48(8): 152808371875490.
[6] 王思明, 谭惠丰, 罗锡林, 等. Nylon-230T/TPU织物蒙皮撕裂性能的数值模拟和试验研究[J]. 复合材料学报, 2018, 35(7): 1869-1877.
[7] 陈亚飞, 陈永霖, 王凤欣, 等. 平流层飞艇蒙皮膜材的撕裂性能研究[J]. 空间结构, 2018, 24(3): 67-82.
[8] 乙福伟, 陈永霖, 王凤欣, 等. 飞艇蒙皮材料撕裂试验和数值模拟[J]. 合肥工业大学学报, 2020, 43(1): 31-38.
[9] WANG P, SUN B Z, GU B H. Comparisons of trapezoid tearing behaviors of uncoated and coated woven fabrics from experimental and finite element analysis[J]. International Journal of Damage Mechanics, 2012, 22(4): 464-489.
[10] 张营营, 赵玉帅, 徐俊豪, 等. PVC 涂层织物撕裂破坏机理分析与强度预测模型[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2018, 39(2): 336-343.
[11] 包晗, 张旭波, 吴明儿. PVC涂层聚酯纤维膜材撕裂性能试验研究[J]. 建筑材料学报, 2020, 23(3): 631-641.
[12] 张旭波,吴明儿,包晗. 涂层织物类膜材的偏轴梯形撕裂行为[J]. 建筑材料学报, 2021, 24(1): 121-129.
[13] CHEN J W, CHEN W J, ZHAO B. Mechanical responses and damage morphology of laminated fabrics with a central slit under uniaxial tension: A comparison between analytical andexperimental results[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2015, 101: 488-502.
[14] WANG F X, XU W, CHEN Y L, et al. Tearing analysis of a new airship envelope material under uniaxial tensile load[J]. Materials Science and Engineering, 2016, 137: 12-24.
[15] CHEN Y L, LI S, DING K, et al. Investigation of tear strength of an airship envelope fabric by theoretical method and uniaxial tear test[J]. Journal of Engineered Fibers and Fabrics, 2019, 14: 155892501987929.
[16] HE R J, SUN X Y, WU Y. Central crack tearing test and fracture parameter determination of PTFE coated fabric[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 208: 472-481.
[17] 陈建稳, 陈务军, 周涵, 等. 飞艇用层压织物类膜材中心撕裂破坏机理模型[J]. 东华大学学报, 2016, 42(3): 323-330.
[18] CHEN J W, CHEN W J, ZHOU H, et al. Central tearing characteristics of laminated fabrics: Effect of slit parameter, off-axis angle, and loading speed[J]. Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 2017, 36(13): 921-941.
[19] 徐文, 王凤欣, 陈永霖, 等. 基于一种新型飞艇蒙皮材料的撕裂扩展理论研究[J]. 空间结构, 2017, 23(2): 35-41.
[20] 李帅, 陈永霖, 肖畅, 等. 平流层飞艇蒙皮复合织物材料撕裂性能研究[J]. 合肥工业大学学报, 2020, 43(11): 1456-1462.
[21] MOLLAERT M, FORSTER B. European design guide for tensile surface structure[M]. Tensinet: Union European, 2004.
[22] Testing method for elastic constants of membrane materials: MSAJ/M-02—1995[S]. Membrane Structures Association of Japan.
[23] SUN X Y, HE R J, WU Y. A novel tearing residual strength model for architectural coated fabrics with central crack[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2020, 263: 120-133.
[24] SUN X Y, HE R J, WU Y, et al. Uniaxial tearing properties and the tearing residual strength models of PTFE coated fabric[J]. Structures, 2021, 33(11): 1354-1364.
[25] ZHANG Y Y, XU J H, ZHOU Y, et al. Central tearing behaviors of PVC coated fabrics with initial notch[J]. Composite Structures, 2019, 208: 618-633.
[26] CHEN J W, CHEN W J. Central crack tearing testing of laminated fabric uretek3216LV under uniaxial and biaxial static tensile loads[J]. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2016, 28(7): 0001537.
[27] 陈建稳, 陈务军, 侯红青, 等. 织物类蒙皮材料中心切缝撕裂破坏强度分析[J]. 复合材料学报, 2016, 33(3): 666-674.
[28] CHEN J W, CHEN W J, ZHOU H, et al. Fracture failure analysis and bias tearing strength criterion for a laminated fabric[J]. Journal of Industrial Textiles, 2018, 47(7): 1496-1527.
[29] 矫卫红, 陈南梁. 经编双轴向织物用作涂层基布的性能优势[J]. 东华大学学报, 2004, 30(6): 91-95.
[30] 谈亚飞. 经编复合材料的市场现状与发展趋势[J]. 针织工业, 2010(2): 17-20.
[31] 张阳, 陈建稳, 吴善祥, 等. 双轴经编织物膜材刺破性能数值模型研究[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2021(5): 5-11.
[32] 李瑛慧. 机织物拉伸力学有限元分析[D]. 无锡: 江南大学, 2018.