静电纺丝PPESK纤维毡层间增韧碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料

doi:10.19936/j.cnki.2096-8000.20240928.003

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着航空航天产业的蓬勃发展,我国对高性能碳纤维复合材料的需求日益增长。杂萘联苯聚醚砜酮[Poly (Phthalazine Ether Sulfone Ketone),PPESK]得益于良好的环氧相容性、可加工性和机械性能,具有在碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料层间增韧方面的良好应用前景。本研究借助静电纺丝技术,实现了PPESK超细纤维毡的稳定制备,并通过层间铺贴、热压,实现了PPESK与T800级碳纤维/高温环氧树脂预浸料的复合。在预浸料层间添加17 g/m² PPESK超细纤维毡,其复合材料冲击后压缩强度可达391 MPa,表明PPESK对T800级碳纤维复合材料的层间增韧效果较明显。静电纺丝PPESK纤维在碳纤维复合材料增韧领域具有巨大应用潜力。

关键词: 杂萘联苯聚醚砜酮, 碳纤维复合材料, 冲击后压缩强度, 静电纺丝, 相分离

Abstract: With the vigorous development of China’s aerospace industry, the demand for high-performance carbon fiber composite materials is increasing. Poly (phthalazine ether sulfone ketone) (PPESK) exhibits good epoxy compatibility, processability, and mechanical properties, showing promising prospects in the field of interlayer toughening of carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite materials. In this study, stable preparation of PPESK ultrafine fiber felts was achieved using electrospinning technology, and through interlayer paving and hot pressing, the composite of PPESK with T800 carbon fiber/high-temperature epoxy resin prepreg was realized. When 17 g/m² of PPESK ultrafine fiber mats were added between the prepregs, the compression after impact of the composite reached 391 MPa, indicating a significant toughening effect for T800 carbon fiber composite materials. Electrospun PPESK fibers have great potential in the toughening carbon fiber composite materials.

Key words: poly(phthalazine ether sulfone ketone), carbon fiber composite, compression after impact, electrospinning, phase separation

中图分类号:

TB332

吕续津, 霍红宇, 彭公秋, 张宝艳, 叶金秋, 刘勇. 静电纺丝PPESK纤维毡层间增韧碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料[J]. 复合材料科学与工程, 2024, 0(9): 19-27.

LÜ Xujin, HUO Hongyu, PENG Gongqiu, ZHANG Baoyan, YE Jinqiu, LIU Yong. Electrospun PPESK fiber mats interlayer toughened carbon fiber/epoxy resin composite[J]. COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING, 2024, 0(9): 19-27.

参考文献

[1] 谷雨. 碳纤维增强聚合物复合材料在航空航天领域的研究进展[J]. 冶金与材料, 2023, 43(7): 118-120.
[2] 张坤, 张丹, 邹瑞睿, 等. CFRP在汽车轻量化中的应用研究进展[J]. 工程塑料应用, 2022, 50(10): 154-158, 163.
[3] 王婉君, 张鹏, 贺政豪, 等. 碳纤维复合材料压力容器的研究进展[J]. 现代化工, 2020, 40(1): 68-71.
[4] 周锦地. 基于多尺度方法的碳纤维复合材料温度环境下力学行为研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 哈尔滨工业大学, 2022.
[5] 冀有志, 韦娟芳, 龚博安. 双马来酰亚胺树脂和环氧树脂复合材料在极端温度下的性能对比[J]. 空间电子技术, 2010, 7(3): 117-120, 126.
[6] 方亚威. 不同温度作用下碳纤维复合材料筋的静力和抗冲击性能研究[D]. 长沙: 湖南大学, 2021.
[7] 王亚丽, 杨琳, 孙龙, 等. 碳纤维织物增强铜基复合材料的显微结构及其热物理性能[J]. 材料科学与工程学报, 2020, 38(1): 153-157.
[8] 龙巍, 郑学林, 臧建彬. 基于碳纤维复合材料热性能的研究进展综述[J]. 应用化工, 2019, 48(9): 2251-2255.
[9] 李玥, 叶林, 赵晓文. 碳纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料盐雾腐蚀行为及其老化分子机制[J]. 高分子材料科学与工程, 2023, 39(5): 91-97.
[10] 闫民杰. 碳纳米管改性碳纤维复合材料的抗辐射性能研究[D]. 天津: 天津工业大学, 2019.
[11] SHRIVASTAVA R, SINGH K K. Interlaminar fracture toughness characterization of laminated composites: A review[J]. Polymer Reviews, 2020, 60(3): 542-593.
[12] SIDDIQUE A, ABID S, SHAFIQ F, et al. Mode Ⅰ fracture toughness of fiber-reinforced polymer composites: A review[J]. Journal of Industrial Textiles, 2021, 50(8): 1165-1192.
[13] MILLEN S L J, MURPHY A. Modelling and understanding edge glow effects on material failure resulting from artificial lightning strike[J]. Composite Structures, 2021, 278: 114651.
[14] LEI Z, PAN R, SUN W, et al. Fatigue damage mechanisms and evolution of residual tensile strength in CFRP composites: Stacking sequence effect[J]. Composite Structures, 2024, 330: 117818.
[15] 梁小林. 复合材料层合板冲击后的疲劳寿命研究[D]. 南京: 南京航空航天大学, 2016.
[16] 赵天, 李营, 张超, 等. 高性能航空复合材料结构的关键力学问题研究进展[J]. 航空学报, 2022, 43(6): 63-105.
[17] 张伟, 王彬文, 樊俊铃, 等. 基于多模式超声成像的CFRP冲击损伤无损表征与冲击后压缩强度预测[J]. 航空学报, 2023, 44(1): 302-312.
[18] MEIREMAN T, DAELEMANS L, RIJCKAERT S, et al. Delamination resistant composites by interleaving bio-based long-chain polyamide nanofibers through optimal control of fiber diameter and fiber morphology[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2020, 193:
108126.
[19] 王长越, 邢素丽. 冲击损伤下航空复合材料修复技术研究进展[J]. 玻璃钢/复合材料, 2017(12): 91-98.
[20] JI D, LIN Y, GUO X, et al. Electrospinning of manofibres[J]. Nature Reviews Methods Primers, 2024, 4(1): 1-21.
[21] MAHATO B, LOMOV S V, SHIVERSKII A, et al. A review of electrospun nanofiber interleaves for interlaminar toughening of composite laminates[J]. Polymers, 2023, 15(6): 1380.
[22] QUAN D, MISCHO C, LI X, et al. Improving the electrical conductivity and fracture toughness of carbon fibre/epoxy composites by interleaving MWCNT-doped thermoplastic veils[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2019, 182: 107775.
[23] QUAN D, BOLOGNA F, SCARSELLI G, et al. Mode-Ⅱ fracture behaviour of aerospace-grade carbon fibre/epoxy composites interleaved with thermoplastic veils[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2020, 191: 108065.
[24] BEYLERGIL B, DUMAN V. Enhancing mode-Ⅰ and mode-Ⅱ fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy laminated composites using 3D-printed polyamide interlayers[J]. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part L: Journal of Materials: Design and Applications, 2024, 238(3): 578-591.
[25] MARINO S G, KOŠT′ÁKOVÁ E K, CZÉL G. Development of pseudo-ductile interlayer hybrid composites of standard thickness plies by interleaving polyamide 6 nanofibrous layers[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2023, 234: 109924.
[26] LAN B, LIU Y, MO S, et al. Interlaminar fracture behavior of carbon fiber/polyimide composites toughened by interleaving thermoplastic polyimide fiber veils[J]. Materials, 2021, 14(10): 2695.
[27] WU H, YU C, CHEN Y, et al. Preparation of polyimide nanofiber membranes and interlaminar toughness investigation of their toughened composites[J]. Nano, 2021, 16(12): 2150145.
[28] ZHANG L, ZHANG X, WEI X, et al. Hydroxyl-functionalized block Co-polyimide enables simultaneously improved toughness and strength of tetrafunctional epoxy resin[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2022, 230: 109787.
[29] KLLLÇOĞLU M, BAT E, GÜNDÜZ G, et al. Fibers of thermoplastic polymer blends activate multiple interlayer toughening mechanisms[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2022, 158: 106982.
[30] WANG J, POZEGIC T R, XU Z, et al. Cellulose nanocrystal-polyetherimide hybrid nanofibrous interleaves for enhanced interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fibre/epoxy composites[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2019, 182: 107744.
[31] NEISIANY R E, KHORASANI S N, NAEIMIRAD M, et al. Improving mechanical properties of carbon/epoxy composite by incorporating functionalized electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibers[J]. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 2017, 302(5): 1600551.
[32] DAELEMANS L, VAN DER HEIJDEN S, DE BAERE I, et al. Damage-resistant composites using electrospun nanofibers: A multiscale analysis of the toughening mechanisms[J]. ACS Applied Materials Interfaces, 2016, 8(18): 11806-11818.
[33] ZHU T, REN Z, XU J, et al. Damage evolution model and failure mechanism of continuous carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic resin matrix composite materials[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2023, 244: 110300.
[34] RUAN S, WEI S, GONG W, et al. Strengthening, toughening, and self-healing for carbon fiber/epoxy composites based on PPESK electrospun coaxial nanofibers[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2021, 138(12): 50063.
[35] QI W, LU C, CHEN P, et al. Electrochemical performances and thermal properties of electrospun poly (phthalazinone ether sulfone ketone) membrane for lithium-ion battery[J]. Materials Letters, 2012, 66(1): 239-241.
[36] LI G, LI P, ZHANG C, et al. Inhomogeneous toughening of carbon fiber/epoxy composite using electrospun polysulfone nanofibrous membranes by in situ phase separation[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2008, 68(3): 987-994.
[37] FAROOQ U, SAKARINEN E, TEUWEN J, et al. Synergistic toughening of epoxy through layered poly (ether imide) with dual-scale morphologies[J]. ACS Applied Materials Interfaces, 2023, 15(45): 53074-53085.
[38] CAI S, LI Y, LIU H Y, et al. Effect of electrospun polysulfone/cellulose nanocrystals interleaves on the interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon fiber/epoxy composites[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2019, 181: 107673.
[39] CHENG C, ZHANG C, ZHOU J, et al. Improving the interlaminar toughness of the carbon fiber/epoxy composites via interleaved with polyethersulfone porous films[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2019, 183: 107827.
[40] CHENG C, CHEN Z, HUANG Z, et al. Simultaneously improving mode Ⅰ and mode Ⅱ fracture toughness of the carbon fiber/epoxy composite laminates via interleaved with uniformly aligned pes fiber webs[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2020, 129: 105696.